Book1857
Le Réalisme
Champfleury
The founding manifesto of Realism, defending Courbet's unidealised depictions of ordinary life and labour against the academic hierarchy that ranked such subjects beneath history painting.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Visual Arts · Art History: Renaissance to Nineteenth Century
Realism in Art
A topic within Art History: Renaissance to Nineteenth Century, itself one of 14 topics in that field and part of Visual Arts.
Reading on Realism in Art
22 works
Book2000
French Paintings of the Nineteenth Century, Part I: Before Impressionism
Lorenz Eitner
A systematic scholarly catalogue of the National Gallery's Barbizon and Realist paintings, arguing Courbet's and Millet's unidealised peasants and landscapes were a deliberate rejection of academic hierarchy rather than crude technique.
link checked 17 Sept 2026