The Subjection of Women
John Stuart Mill
Argues that the legal and social subordination of women rests on custom dressed up as nature, and that it damages both sexes by suppressing half of human capacity.
link checked 17 Sept 2026How societies organise sex, gender and family roles.
9 topics · 9 curated works
No prior grounding assumed.
The Subjection of Women
John Stuart Mill · 1869
Argues that the legal and social subordination of women rests on custom dressed up as nature, and that it damages both sexes by suppressing half of…
Assumes you know the vocabulary.
Enfranchisement of Women
Harriet Taylor Mill · 1851
Argues that women's exclusion from political rights cannot be justified by their supposed nature, since that nature has never been observed under…
+4 more at this level
Primary sources and full treatments.
Sexual Inversion
Havelock Ellis & John Addington Symonds · 1897
Argues that homosexuality is a natural variation rather than a moral vice or disease, an argument so controversial on publication that the book was…
+2 more at this level
9 works
John Stuart Mill
Argues that the legal and social subordination of women rests on custom dressed up as nature, and that it damages both sexes by suppressing half of human capacity.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Harriet Taylor Mill
Argues that women's exclusion from political rights cannot be justified by their supposed nature, since that nature has never been observed under conditions of actual equality.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Charlotte Perkins Gilman
Argues that women's economic dependence on men is a social arrangement rather than a natural one, and that it distorts both marriage and the work women are permitted to do.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Margaret Mead
Argues, from three neighbouring New Guinea societies with three different gender arrangements, that masculine and feminine temperament are cultural constructions rather than biological givens.
link failing as of 17 Sept 2026Candace West & Don H. Zimmerman
Argues that gender is not a fixed trait people have but an ongoing accomplishment produced through everyday interaction, continually held accountable to normative conceptions of manhood and womanhood.
R. W. Connell & James W. Messerschmidt
Reassesses the influential concept of hegemonic masculinity after fifteen years of use, arguing it should describe a contested, historically variable pattern of practice rather than a fixed male character type.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Havelock Ellis & John Addington Symonds
Argues that homosexuality is a natural variation rather than a moral vice or disease, an argument so controversial on publication that the book was prosecuted as obscene and withdrawn in Britain.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Heidi Hartmann
Argues that Marxism explains capitalism's structure but is blind to gender, while radical feminism sees patriarchy but not capitalism, so the two must be combined to explain why capitalism and patriarchy jointly assign women to low-paid and unpaid labour.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Gayle S. Rubin
Argues that sexuality has its own political economy of stigma and privilege, independent of gender oppression, and proposes a hierarchy that ranks sexual acts and identities as respectable or deviant regardless of their harm.
link checked 17 Sept 2026