Kidney function, filtration and the urinary tract.
10 topics · 9 curated works
No prior grounding assumed.
Renal and Ureteric Stones: Assessment and Management
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence · 2019
Sets out when a kidney stone can be watched, when it needs intervention, and which of several procedures to prefer, replacing wide variation in…
Assumes you know the vocabulary.
The Artificial Kidney: A Dialyser with a Great Area
Willem J. Kolff et al. · 1944
Describes the first artificial kidney, built from sausage casing and a rotating drum, demonstrating that a machine could filter a patient's blood…
+4 more at this level
Primary sources and full treatments.
Reports of Medical Cases
Richard Bright · 1827
Correlated symptoms observed at the bedside with what autopsy later showed in the kidneys, establishing that dropsy with albuminous urine was a…
+2 more at this level
9 works
National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
Sets out when a kidney stone can be watched, when it needs intervention, and which of several procedures to prefer, replacing wide variation in practice with an explicit decision pathway.
link checked 17 Sept 2026Willem J. Kolff et al.
Describes the first artificial kidney, built from sausage casing and a rotating drum, demonstrating that a machine could filter a patient's blood well enough to treat kidney failure.
Robert G. Narins & Michael Emmett
Sets out a stepwise method for reading arterial blood gases that separates simple from mixed acid-base disturbances, still the standard bedside approach for interpreting acid-base status.
Horacio J. Adrogué & Nicolaos E. Madias
Works through the physiology of water and sodium balance to explain hyponatraemia's causes and why correcting it too quickly can cause more harm than the disorder itself.
Andriole et al.
Found no mortality benefit from annual PSA screening after seven years of follow-up, a result that directly contradicted a European trial published the same week and left prostate-screening policy unresolved for years.
10 pageslink checked 17 Sept 2026Betsy Foxman
Surveys who gets urinary tract infections and why recurrence is so common, arguing that host risk factors — sexual activity, genetics, prior infection — matter more than transient exposure to bacteria.
Richard Bright
Correlated symptoms observed at the bedside with what autopsy later showed in the kidneys, establishing that dropsy with albuminous urine was a distinct kidney disease rather than a generic failure of the body.
link failing as of 17 Sept 2026Joseph E. Murray, John P. Merrill & J. Hartwell Harrison
Reports the first kidney transplant to succeed long-term, made possible only because the donor and recipient were identical twins and so shared no immunological difference to reject.
Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Acute Kidney Injury Work Group
Defines acute kidney injury by explicit creatinine and urine-output criteria across three stages, replacing a dozen incompatible research definitions with one that trials could compare against.
link checked 17 Sept 2026